1) Two effects that Opium had on Chinese society was an corruption and addiction.
2) The Chinese Emperor lost his country because China turned over their ports to Western control after the Opium War.
3) Great Britain's role in bringing Chinese society to the brink of collapse started when they traded Opium for China's goods. When Britain took control of China's trading ports it affected society in China, the power of the Chinese dynasty came to an end.
4) The "Open Door Policy", was equal foreign trading rights in China to avoid unequal problems. It benefited U.S. businesses allowing trading with China.
Wednesday, December 8, 2010
Tuesday, December 7, 2010
MP3 H.W.# 3
"Sepoy Soldier's Outraged and Rebelling Against the British East Indian Company"
May 10, 1857, Sepoy soldiers heard rumors that cartridges for new rifles were coated in pork and beef fat. This disrespectful insult from the British East Indian Company to the religions of India sparked a rebellion. The British East Indian Company is accused of trying to convert Indians religions to Christianity with imperialism. The rebellion started in the town of Meerut, India, and the uprising moved toward Delhi. The British East Indian Company is still the dominant power in this rebellion, they have more resources than the Sepoy soldiers. Indians that are of Hindu and Muslim religions are working together to form a Sepoy Mutiny.
Sunday, December 5, 2010
MP3 H.W.# 2
1) How big is India? India is 1.2 million square miles large.
2) What is it's relative location? (between which bodies of water) India is between the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.
3) What "raw materials" are among their crops? India's raw materials consisted of tea, indigo, coffee, cotton, and jute.
4) Who was the MUSLIM ruler who started the Mogul Empire in 1522? Barbar was the Muslim ruler that started the Mogul Empire in 1522.
5) Who attacked the Moguls in the 1600s? The Martha People of West Central India attacked the Moguls in the 1600s.
6) How were the Hindus treated my the Muslims after this attack? Hindus had to pay a special tax and had their temples destroyed after the attack.
7) What British Company came to India in the 1600s? The British East India Company came to India in the 1600s.
8) When did that company start to take over? The British East India Company started to take over in 1707, after the Mughal Empire collapsed.
9) Why? The British East India Company took over at first because of competition with other European Countries, but after they started to turn Indian princes against one another.
10) They built the trains. What were the trains used for? Trains in India were used for hauling construction materials, transporting raw materials, and bringing manufactured goods back.
11) They also built roads that helped people communicate. Was this a positive? (your opinion) The building of roads was a positive improvement because it allowed people to communicate and connect. All tribal wars stopped because of people connecting.
12) What percentage of India was Muslim? 12% of India was Muslim.
13) What percentage of India was Hindu? 82% of India was Hindu.
14) Why did the Sepoy Rebellion start? The tension between religion, the British's lack for respect of India's religion, and the meat lining attempt to convert Hindus to Christianity encouraged the Sepoy Rebellion.
15) WHERE did it start? The Sepoy Rebellion started in Meerut and then eventually marched to Delhi.
16) What was the punishment for the people who rebelled? The punishment for people that rebelled was to be placed in front of a cannon to be blown apart.
MP3 H.W.# 1
1)
Sepoy- Indian soldiers
Jewel in the crown- The most valuable of all Britain's colonies.
Sepoy Mutiny- The uprising spread over much of northern India with rebelling Sepoys and Indian soldiers.
Raj- British rule over India from 1757 until 1947.
2)
Cause: Decline of the Mughal Empire
Effect: The East Indian company led troops to victory and claimed control of the Mughal territory.
Cause: Colonial Policies
Effect: The British set up restrictions that prevented the Indian economy from operating on its own. British policies called for India to produce raw materials for British manufacturing and to buy British finished goods. Indian competition with British finished goods were prohibited.
Cause: Sepoy Mutiny
Effect: British took direct command of India.
The Effects of the Colonial Policies later became the cause of the Sepoy Mutiny.
3) British Imperialism contributed to the unity and growth of nationalism in India. The British tried to convert Indians to Christianity. Gossip spread among the Sepoys and Indian soldiers that pork and beef fat was used to seal the cartridges for the new guns, this was a betrayal to the Muslim and Hindu religion. The Sepoys and Indians became nationalized and tried to overthrow the British. The betraying actions that the British tried to show Indians and Sepoys encouraged nationalism.
Sepoy- Indian soldiers
Jewel in the crown- The most valuable of all Britain's colonies.
Sepoy Mutiny- The uprising spread over much of northern India with rebelling Sepoys and Indian soldiers.
Raj- British rule over India from 1757 until 1947.
2)
Cause: Decline of the Mughal Empire
Effect: The East Indian company led troops to victory and claimed control of the Mughal territory.
Cause: Colonial Policies
Effect: The British set up restrictions that prevented the Indian economy from operating on its own. British policies called for India to produce raw materials for British manufacturing and to buy British finished goods. Indian competition with British finished goods were prohibited.
Cause: Sepoy Mutiny
Effect: British took direct command of India.
The Effects of the Colonial Policies later became the cause of the Sepoy Mutiny.
3) British Imperialism contributed to the unity and growth of nationalism in India. The British tried to convert Indians to Christianity. Gossip spread among the Sepoys and Indian soldiers that pork and beef fat was used to seal the cartridges for the new guns, this was a betrayal to the Muslim and Hindu religion. The Sepoys and Indians became nationalized and tried to overthrow the British. The betraying actions that the British tried to show Indians and Sepoys encouraged nationalism.
Tuesday, November 23, 2010
HW# 21
Congress of Berlin- The meeting of the Great European Powers. The meeting's aim was to reorganize the countries of the Balkans.
Partition of Africa- Occupation and annexation of Africa by European powers during the New Imperialism period, between the 1880s and the First World War in 1914.
Scramble for Africa- European rush to colonize parts of Africa at the end of the 19th century.
1) New Imperialism was about an industrialized economy and the scramble for natural resources benefited the countries that had the greater amount of territory with natural resources.
2) Europe colonized Africa for financial gain by exploiting the land for crops, minerals, and slaves. Later, Europeans believed they should help Africans become modernly civilized.
3) The Industrial Revolution is connected to Europe's colonization of Africa. Africa is rich with natural resources that is used as fuel for the Industrial Revolution. Europe's colonization of Africa was to control as much territory as possible that could be used to extract resources.
Partition of Africa- Occupation and annexation of Africa by European powers during the New Imperialism period, between the 1880s and the First World War in 1914.
Scramble for Africa- European rush to colonize parts of Africa at the end of the 19th century.
1) New Imperialism was about an industrialized economy and the scramble for natural resources benefited the countries that had the greater amount of territory with natural resources.
2) Europe colonized Africa for financial gain by exploiting the land for crops, minerals, and slaves. Later, Europeans believed they should help Africans become modernly civilized.
3) The Industrial Revolution is connected to Europe's colonization of Africa. Africa is rich with natural resources that is used as fuel for the Industrial Revolution. Europe's colonization of Africa was to control as much territory as possible that could be used to extract resources.
Sunday, November 14, 2010
H.W.# 20
1)
laissez faire- The economic policy of letting owners of indusrty and business set working conditions without interference.
Adam Smith- A professor at the University of Glasgow, Scotland, that defended the idea of a free economy.
capitalism- An economic system in which money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit.
utilitarianism- A philosophy that argued that people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions of the basis of their usefuliness.
socialism- An economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.
Karl Marx- A German journalist, who introduced the world to a radical type of socialism called Marxism. communism- A complete for of socialism where all forms of production and property would be owned by the people and private property would cease to exist. All goods and services would be shared equally.
union- Volunteering associations which workers joined to press reforms.
collective bargaining- Negotiations between workers and their employers for better working conditions and better pay.
strike- Refusal to work.
3) The main problems faced by the union during the 1800s were actually forming a union, being an unskilled worker because of collective barganing, and forming strikes. British government denied workers the right to form unions, they saw it as a threat to social order and stability. In 1824, Parliment repealed the Combination Acts because workers formed unions regardless the risk of getting laid off or in trouble. In 1875 British Trade union workers won the right to strike and picket peacefully. Several unions formed together a organization called the American Fedearation of Labor. The "AFL" won members higher wages and shorter hours. Reform Laws helped factory workers, child labor laws were put in to effect and abuse was ended, the amount of hours a person could work was shortened to a reasonable limit.
4) According to Marx and Engels, economic forces alone dominate society. In my opinion, economic forces are very important to society. Economic forces help employers find the right people for jobs. Economic forces are not the only factor which dominates society. Type of government and classes are also factors that dominate society. Democracy was needed during the Industrial Revolution to set laws of reform for the hard working workers. The classes of people were important during the Industrial Revolution. The middle class rose to be more powerful than nobles by using economic forces to their advantage.
laissez faire- The economic policy of letting owners of indusrty and business set working conditions without interference.
Adam Smith- A professor at the University of Glasgow, Scotland, that defended the idea of a free economy.
capitalism- An economic system in which money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit.
utilitarianism- A philosophy that argued that people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions of the basis of their usefuliness.
socialism- An economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.
Karl Marx- A German journalist, who introduced the world to a radical type of socialism called Marxism. communism- A complete for of socialism where all forms of production and property would be owned by the people and private property would cease to exist. All goods and services would be shared equally.
union- Volunteering associations which workers joined to press reforms.
collective bargaining- Negotiations between workers and their employers for better working conditions and better pay.
strike- Refusal to work.
3) The main problems faced by the union during the 1800s were actually forming a union, being an unskilled worker because of collective barganing, and forming strikes. British government denied workers the right to form unions, they saw it as a threat to social order and stability. In 1824, Parliment repealed the Combination Acts because workers formed unions regardless the risk of getting laid off or in trouble. In 1875 British Trade union workers won the right to strike and picket peacefully. Several unions formed together a organization called the American Fedearation of Labor. The "AFL" won members higher wages and shorter hours. Reform Laws helped factory workers, child labor laws were put in to effect and abuse was ended, the amount of hours a person could work was shortened to a reasonable limit.
4) According to Marx and Engels, economic forces alone dominate society. In my opinion, economic forces are very important to society. Economic forces help employers find the right people for jobs. Economic forces are not the only factor which dominates society. Type of government and classes are also factors that dominate society. Democracy was needed during the Industrial Revolution to set laws of reform for the hard working workers. The classes of people were important during the Industrial Revolution. The middle class rose to be more powerful than nobles by using economic forces to their advantage.
Tuesday, November 2, 2010
HW# 19
#1)
Industrial Revolution- Greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th century.
Enclosure- Large fields with fences or hedges.
Crop Rotation- A developed improved way of farming.
Industrialization- The process of developing machine production of goods.
Factors of production- Resources needed to produce goods and services that the Industrial Revolution required. Land, labor, and capital.
Factory- Mass production machines in a large building.
Entrepreneur- A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risk of a business.
Industrial Revolution- Greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th century.
Enclosure- Large fields with fences or hedges.
Crop Rotation- A developed improved way of farming.
Industrialization- The process of developing machine production of goods.
Factors of production- Resources needed to produce goods and services that the Industrial Revolution required. Land, labor, and capital.
Factory- Mass production machines in a large building.
Entrepreneur- A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risk of a business.
Wednesday, October 27, 2010
HW# 18
1)
A. Camillo di Cavour- A wealthy middle-aged aristocrat, who worked tirelessly to expand Piedmont- Sardinia's power.
B. Giuseppe Garibaldi- A bold and romantic soldier who captured Sicily. He always wore a red coat.
C. Red Shirts- A small army of Italian Nationalists.
D. Otto von Bismarck- A conservative junker that opposed liberal ideas.
E. Realpolotik- Someone who deals with the politics of reality.
F. Kaiser- Another word for emperor.
3)
Otto von Bismarck made a speech to the Prussian parliment when he was the prime minister. He said that he would settle things with "blood and iron". The term, "blood and iron" was ment to represent war. Bismarck was described as a man who was striving for military power. Bishmarck made an alliance with Austria to fight Denmark and won. Bishmarck's straight attack approach is different from the liberals approach. Liberals are more political, Bishmarck fights for what he wants.
A. Camillo di Cavour- A wealthy middle-aged aristocrat, who worked tirelessly to expand Piedmont- Sardinia's power.
B. Giuseppe Garibaldi- A bold and romantic soldier who captured Sicily. He always wore a red coat.
C. Red Shirts- A small army of Italian Nationalists.
D. Otto von Bismarck- A conservative junker that opposed liberal ideas.
E. Realpolotik- Someone who deals with the politics of reality.
F. Kaiser- Another word for emperor.
3)
Otto von Bismarck made a speech to the Prussian parliment when he was the prime minister. He said that he would settle things with "blood and iron". The term, "blood and iron" was ment to represent war. Bismarck was described as a man who was striving for military power. Bishmarck made an alliance with Austria to fight Denmark and won. Bishmarck's straight attack approach is different from the liberals approach. Liberals are more political, Bishmarck fights for what he wants.
Sunday, October 24, 2010
HW# 17
Pg 613
1) Under the category "culture", ethnicity and class could be added.
2) Territory and common beliefs are necessary to form a nation-state.
Pg 615
1) The greatest amount of territory that was unified in Italy was 1859- 1860, added to Sardinia.
2) Italians lost Venetia to Austria during their process of unification.
Pg 617
1) Prussia's territory during 1865 was shared between Austria after they fought together against Denmark.
2) After 1865, Prussia's biggest expansion was during 1871 when South German States joined.
1) Under the category "culture", ethnicity and class could be added.
2) Territory and common beliefs are necessary to form a nation-state.
Pg 615
1) The greatest amount of territory that was unified in Italy was 1859- 1860, added to Sardinia.
2) Italians lost Venetia to Austria during their process of unification.
Pg 617
1) Prussia's territory during 1865 was shared between Austria after they fought together against Denmark.
2) After 1865, Prussia's biggest expansion was during 1871 when South German States joined.
Tuesday, October 19, 2010
H.W.# 16
1)
Peninsulares- Men who were at the top of the Spainish Amerian society, they were born in Spain. Only people to hold high office in Spanish colonial government.
Creoles- Spaniards born in Latin America that were ranked after the peninsulares. They could rise as officers in Spanish Colonial armies.
Mulattos- Mixed of Europeans and African ancestry, they were ranked after the Mestizos.
Simon Bolivar- A wealthy Venezuelan creole, was called Liberator, he was a politican and assertive.
Jose de San Martin- He was a simple and modest man. San Martin was born in Argentina and believed in strict military dicipline but showed support for his troops.
Miguel Hidalgo- Hidalgo was a preist whom was poor but well- educated. He had a firm belief in the ideas of the Enlightenment, he tried to lead the Indian and Meztio followers to rebel against the upperclass but failed.
Jose Maria Morelos- Morelos lead the revolution Hidalgo started for four years before he was defeated by Agustin de Iturbide.
2) "Through its policies, Spain gave up its right to rule in South America." I dont agree with this statement, ideas from the Enlightenment, French and American revolution encouraged the lower social class to rise. The lower social class outnumbered the higher classes which helped Spain give up their political power by war. Independence movements arose because Latin American countries wanted independence and natural rights in order to get rid of oppression. In the end Bolivar gained the majority of power that Spain lost.
Peninsulares- Men who were at the top of the Spainish Amerian society, they were born in Spain. Only people to hold high office in Spanish colonial government.
Creoles- Spaniards born in Latin America that were ranked after the peninsulares. They could rise as officers in Spanish Colonial armies.
Mulattos- Mixed of Europeans and African ancestry, they were ranked after the Mestizos.
Simon Bolivar- A wealthy Venezuelan creole, was called Liberator, he was a politican and assertive.
Jose de San Martin- He was a simple and modest man. San Martin was born in Argentina and believed in strict military dicipline but showed support for his troops.
Miguel Hidalgo- Hidalgo was a preist whom was poor but well- educated. He had a firm belief in the ideas of the Enlightenment, he tried to lead the Indian and Meztio followers to rebel against the upperclass but failed.
Jose Maria Morelos- Morelos lead the revolution Hidalgo started for four years before he was defeated by Agustin de Iturbide.
2) "Through its policies, Spain gave up its right to rule in South America." I dont agree with this statement, ideas from the Enlightenment, French and American revolution encouraged the lower social class to rise. The lower social class outnumbered the higher classes which helped Spain give up their political power by war. Independence movements arose because Latin American countries wanted independence and natural rights in order to get rid of oppression. In the end Bolivar gained the majority of power that Spain lost.
Monday, October 18, 2010
H.W.# 15
Simon Bolivar
1. What did he accomplish? Simon Bolivar became president of Venezuela after invading it for independence from Spain. He became the president of The Republic of Colombia. He liberated most spanish countries in South America.
2. Why was he so famous? He became president of The Republic of Colombia which is now known as Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela.
3. Who did he work to defeat? The Spanish army
4. What was he fighting for in the first place? Liberation of Venezuela
5. Name 5 countries that are mentioned in the video, and what he did in each country. Venezuela- fought to liberate the country from Spain. Colombia- fought and liberated the country from Spain. Ecuador- claimed the territory for the Republic of Colombia. Peru- led the revolutionaries and won their independence from Spain.
1. What did he accomplish? Simon Bolivar became president of Venezuela after invading it for independence from Spain. He became the president of The Republic of Colombia. He liberated most spanish countries in South America.
2. Why was he so famous? He became president of The Republic of Colombia which is now known as Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela.
3. Who did he work to defeat? The Spanish army
4. What was he fighting for in the first place? Liberation of Venezuela
5. Name 5 countries that are mentioned in the video, and what he did in each country. Venezuela- fought to liberate the country from Spain. Colombia- fought and liberated the country from Spain. Ecuador- claimed the territory for the Republic of Colombia. Peru- led the revolutionaries and won their independence from Spain.
Sunday, October 10, 2010
HW# 14
Countries Napolean conquered: Spain, Italy, Russia, Germany, Prussia, Austria, France.
1.
1) Napolean Bonaparte- lived 1769- 1821, at age 16 he finished school and became a lieutenant in the artillery. When the French Revolution started he joined the army of the reformed government.
2) Coup d'e'tat- a sudden seizure of power. "blow of state"
3) Plebiscite- a vote of the people.
4) Lycee'- government-run public schools.
5) Concordat- an agreement
6) Napoleonic Code- Napolean Bonaparte's system of laws.
7) Battle of Trafalgar- the most important battle Napolean had, and lost. It proved the supremacy of Britain's navy and stopped Napoleans plans of invading Britain.
3. Was Napolean the creator or of the creation of his times?
I think that Napolean was considered a "creator" of his time. After the Revolution, Napolean stabalized France along with its government. Napolean established the Napoleonic Code as laws. The people of France must have felt safe knowing that Napolean was powerful enough to conquer most of the Europe. Napolean made his government fair and honest. Napolean let church influence be recognised by the government.
4. To keep his empire together, Napolean had to deal with forces both inside and outside the French Empire. In your judgement, which area was more crucial to control? Since Napolean had help to keep control of forces ooutside of France, I think that the inside of France was more crucial to control. After all the problems left behind the Revolution in France, it must have been hard to stabalize it. The people couldnt have found the government trustworthy because of the Reign of terror. France needed alot of reform and Napolean had to carefully make these changes.
Napolean came to control the French government by making a reputation in the army. When Napolean escaped from Egypt and returned to France he was recognized as a hero. Napolean returned to find the republican government in bad shape. Napolean outsmarted the counsil to have a 10 year position as Emperor. He thought that before he could reform France he had to make peace with the borders of France.
1.
1) Napolean Bonaparte- lived 1769- 1821, at age 16 he finished school and became a lieutenant in the artillery. When the French Revolution started he joined the army of the reformed government.
2) Coup d'e'tat- a sudden seizure of power. "blow of state"
3) Plebiscite- a vote of the people.
4) Lycee'- government-run public schools.
5) Concordat- an agreement
6) Napoleonic Code- Napolean Bonaparte's system of laws.
7) Battle of Trafalgar- the most important battle Napolean had, and lost. It proved the supremacy of Britain's navy and stopped Napoleans plans of invading Britain.
3. Was Napolean the creator or of the creation of his times?
I think that Napolean was considered a "creator" of his time. After the Revolution, Napolean stabalized France along with its government. Napolean established the Napoleonic Code as laws. The people of France must have felt safe knowing that Napolean was powerful enough to conquer most of the Europe. Napolean made his government fair and honest. Napolean let church influence be recognised by the government.
4. To keep his empire together, Napolean had to deal with forces both inside and outside the French Empire. In your judgement, which area was more crucial to control? Since Napolean had help to keep control of forces ooutside of France, I think that the inside of France was more crucial to control. After all the problems left behind the Revolution in France, it must have been hard to stabalize it. The people couldnt have found the government trustworthy because of the Reign of terror. France needed alot of reform and Napolean had to carefully make these changes.
Napolean came to control the French government by making a reputation in the army. When Napolean escaped from Egypt and returned to France he was recognized as a hero. Napolean returned to find the republican government in bad shape. Napolean outsmarted the counsil to have a 10 year position as Emperor. He thought that before he could reform France he had to make peace with the borders of France.
Tuesday, October 5, 2010
HW# 11
Skill Builder
Question 1. The chart compared to the political cartoon shows that most of the population is under the first and second estates. The graph compared to the political cartoon shows that since the third estate is beneath the first and second estate they pay most of the taxes.
Question 2. The first and second estate might oppose change because their lifestyle was comfortable and they felt royal compared to the third estate.
Connect to Today
I would visually convey the gap between rich and poor in my country by the way people dress. Poor people would dress like bums and would proably wear cheap generic or no name brand clothing. Rich people would wear clean, expensive brand clothes and they would wear whatever new clothes come out.
Question 1. The chart compared to the political cartoon shows that most of the population is under the first and second estates. The graph compared to the political cartoon shows that since the third estate is beneath the first and second estate they pay most of the taxes.
Question 2. The first and second estate might oppose change because their lifestyle was comfortable and they felt royal compared to the third estate.
Connect to Today
I would visually convey the gap between rich and poor in my country by the way people dress. Poor people would dress like bums and would proably wear cheap generic or no name brand clothing. Rich people would wear clean, expensive brand clothes and they would wear whatever new clothes come out.
Sunday, September 26, 2010
HW #8
Page 551 -Think Through History "Clarifying"
According to Hobbes, people agreed to live under the rule of an absolute monarch to retain laws and order. Without the absolute monarch citizens would have acted in their own self-interest.
Page 554 -Skill Builder
Question 1- Thomas Hobbes ideas expressed in "Leviathan" and John Locke's book "Two Treatises on Government".
Question 2- Natural rights- life, liberty,and property. independence is important to each humans lives. Religious freedom, each person should have the right to believe in whatever higher power they want to.
Page 556- Enlightenment- Age of Reason, next step from the Scientific Revolution.
Social Contract- agreement to give up rights to a strong ruler in exchange for order.
Natural rights- life, liberty, and property.
Philosophe- the social critics of the Enlightenment.
Voltaire- a philosophe and publisher of more than 70 books of political essays, philosophy, history, fiction and drama.
Montesquieu- man who simplified the ideas of the "separation of powers".
Separation of powers- division of power among different branches.
Jean Jacques Rousseau- thought that the only fair and equal form of government was a democracy.
Mary Wollstonecraft- believed that womens rights and education should be equal to mens and published "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman".
"Power should be a check to power"- Baron de Montesquieu, this means that each branch of power would serve as a check on each other branch of power. During the Enlightenment this phrase ment no branch would overpower the other.
"Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains."- Jean Jacques Rousseau, this mean that when people used to live free and equal as individuals but the when a stronger power was chosen to make laws freedom and equality was destroyed. This reflects on the Enlightenment because during this time an absolute monarch government was created.
"Let woman share the rights and she will emulate the virtues of men"- Mary Wollstonecraft, this means that once women have the equal rights and education they could have an educated opinion of the conflicts men of this time were discussing. This is reflected during the Enlightenment by the formation of the Woman's rights group in Europe and North America.
According to Hobbes, people agreed to live under the rule of an absolute monarch to retain laws and order. Without the absolute monarch citizens would have acted in their own self-interest.
Page 554 -Skill Builder
Question 1- Thomas Hobbes ideas expressed in "Leviathan" and John Locke's book "Two Treatises on Government".
Question 2- Natural rights- life, liberty,and property. independence is important to each humans lives. Religious freedom, each person should have the right to believe in whatever higher power they want to.
Page 556- Enlightenment- Age of Reason, next step from the Scientific Revolution.
Social Contract- agreement to give up rights to a strong ruler in exchange for order.
Natural rights- life, liberty, and property.
Philosophe- the social critics of the Enlightenment.
Voltaire- a philosophe and publisher of more than 70 books of political essays, philosophy, history, fiction and drama.
Montesquieu- man who simplified the ideas of the "separation of powers".
Separation of powers- division of power among different branches.
Jean Jacques Rousseau- thought that the only fair and equal form of government was a democracy.
Mary Wollstonecraft- believed that womens rights and education should be equal to mens and published "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman".
"Power should be a check to power"- Baron de Montesquieu, this means that each branch of power would serve as a check on each other branch of power. During the Enlightenment this phrase ment no branch would overpower the other.
"Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains."- Jean Jacques Rousseau, this mean that when people used to live free and equal as individuals but the when a stronger power was chosen to make laws freedom and equality was destroyed. This reflects on the Enlightenment because during this time an absolute monarch government was created.
"Let woman share the rights and she will emulate the virtues of men"- Mary Wollstonecraft, this means that once women have the equal rights and education they could have an educated opinion of the conflicts men of this time were discussing. This is reflected during the Enlightenment by the formation of the Woman's rights group in Europe and North America.
Wednesday, September 15, 2010
HW# 5
Question 1
1. Scientific revolution- Beginning in the mid 1500s, a new way of thinking of thinking about the natural world that was based on new scientific theories that challenged the church, along with new inventions.
2. Nicolas Corpernicus- A Polish cleric and astronomer that came up with the heliocentric theory and wrote a book, "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies" that was made up of his findings.
3. Heliocentric theory- Theory that the stars and other planets revolved around the sun.
4. Johannes Kelper- Tycho Brahe's assistant who continued his work and concluded planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of circles.
5. Galileo Galilei- Discovered the law of the pendulum, tested Aristotle's law on gravity and proved it wrong, wrote a series of newspapers called the "Starry Messenger" which was about his observations of the universe.
6. Scientific Method- A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.
7. Francis Bacon- An English politican and writer, that believed scientists should gather conclusions using the experimental method.
8. Rene Descartes- Developer of analytical geometry and relied on mathematics and logic for conclusions.
9. Issac Newton- An English scientist who also disapproved of Aristotle's conclusions, published his ideas that all physical objects were affected equally by the same forces, the same forces ruled the motions of the planets, the pendulum, and all matter on earth and in space in a work called "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy".
Question 2
1.Copernicus published the heliocentric theory.
2.Vesalius published the human anatomy textbook.
3.Brahe discovered the nova which proved Aristotle's idea that the universe is unchanging wrong.
4.Janssen invented the microscope.
5.Kelper published the first two laws of planetary motion.
6.Galileo published the "Starry Messenger".
7.Bacon's book "Novum Organum" encouraged the experimental method.
8.Descartes's book "Discourse on Method sets forth his scientific method of reasoning from the basis of doubt.
9.Torricelli inventing the barometer.
10.Boyle's Law
11.Newton publishing the law of gravity.
12.Fahrenheit inventing the mercury thermometer.
1. Scientific revolution- Beginning in the mid 1500s, a new way of thinking of thinking about the natural world that was based on new scientific theories that challenged the church, along with new inventions.
2. Nicolas Corpernicus- A Polish cleric and astronomer that came up with the heliocentric theory and wrote a book, "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies" that was made up of his findings.
3. Heliocentric theory- Theory that the stars and other planets revolved around the sun.
4. Johannes Kelper- Tycho Brahe's assistant who continued his work and concluded planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of circles.
5. Galileo Galilei- Discovered the law of the pendulum, tested Aristotle's law on gravity and proved it wrong, wrote a series of newspapers called the "Starry Messenger" which was about his observations of the universe.
6. Scientific Method- A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.
7. Francis Bacon- An English politican and writer, that believed scientists should gather conclusions using the experimental method.
8. Rene Descartes- Developer of analytical geometry and relied on mathematics and logic for conclusions.
9. Issac Newton- An English scientist who also disapproved of Aristotle's conclusions, published his ideas that all physical objects were affected equally by the same forces, the same forces ruled the motions of the planets, the pendulum, and all matter on earth and in space in a work called "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy".
Question 2
1.Copernicus published the heliocentric theory.
2.Vesalius published the human anatomy textbook.
3.Brahe discovered the nova which proved Aristotle's idea that the universe is unchanging wrong.
4.Janssen invented the microscope.
5.Kelper published the first two laws of planetary motion.
6.Galileo published the "Starry Messenger".
7.Bacon's book "Novum Organum" encouraged the experimental method.
8.Descartes's book "Discourse on Method sets forth his scientific method of reasoning from the basis of doubt.
9.Torricelli inventing the barometer.
10.Boyle's Law
11.Newton publishing the law of gravity.
12.Fahrenheit inventing the mercury thermometer.
Tuesday, September 14, 2010
HW# 4
1) The Canon Law was a form of church justice that dealt with matters like marriage and religious practices. The church created a court to try presumed violators, excommunication and inverdict were two of the hardest punishments. Excommunication was used against political rulers, it banished them from the church and took away the king's vassels from there servitude to him. Inverdict denied religious services in the king's lands. Inverdict was a powerful tool for the pope against christain kings.
2) If a king were to violate the Canon Law he would have lost a form of ally. Religion was well relied on during this time that kings ruled, without the church on the king's side he would have been denied salvation. The king needed to be assured that they wouldnt become damned so they intrusted alot of belief in the church.
2) If a king were to violate the Canon Law he would have lost a form of ally. Religion was well relied on during this time that kings ruled, without the church on the king's side he would have been denied salvation. The king needed to be assured that they wouldnt become damned so they intrusted alot of belief in the church.
Sunday, September 12, 2010
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