H.W.# 20

1)
laissez faire- The economic policy of letting owners of indusrty and business set working conditions without interference.
Adam Smith- A professor at the University of Glasgow, Scotland, that defended the idea of a free economy.
capitalism- An economic system in which money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit.
utilitarianism- A philosophy that argued that people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions of the basis of their usefuliness.
socialism- An economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.
Karl Marx- A German journalist, who introduced the world to a radical type of socialism called Marxism. communism- A complete for of socialism where all forms of production and property would be owned by the people and private property would cease to exist. All goods and services would be shared equally.
union- Volunteering associations which workers joined to press reforms.    
collective bargaining- Negotiations between workers and their employers for better working conditions and better pay.
strike- Refusal to work.

3) The main problems faced by the union during the 1800s were actually forming a union, being an unskilled worker because of collective barganing, and forming strikes. British government denied workers the right to form unions, they saw it as a threat to social order and stability. In 1824, Parliment repealed the Combination Acts because workers formed unions regardless the risk of getting laid off or in trouble. In 1875 British Trade union workers won the right to strike and picket peacefully. Several unions formed together a organization called the American Fedearation of Labor. The "AFL" won members higher wages and shorter hours. Reform Laws helped factory workers, child labor laws were put in to effect and abuse was ended, the amount of hours a person could work was shortened to a reasonable limit.

4) According to Marx and Engels, economic forces alone dominate society. In my opinion, economic forces are very important to society. Economic forces help employers find the right people for jobs. Economic forces are not the only factor which dominates society. Type of government and classes are also factors that dominate society. Democracy was needed during the Industrial Revolution to set laws of reform for the hard working workers. The classes of people were important during the Industrial Revolution. The middle class rose to be more powerful than nobles by using economic forces to their advantage.