HW #8

Page 551 -Think Through History "Clarifying"
 According to Hobbes, people agreed to live under the rule of an absolute monarch to retain laws and order. Without the absolute monarch citizens would have acted in their own self-interest.

Page 554 -Skill Builder
Question 1- Thomas Hobbes ideas expressed in "Leviathan" and John Locke's book "Two Treatises on Government".
Question 2- Natural rights- life, liberty,and property. independence is important to each humans lives. Religious freedom, each person should have the right to believe in whatever higher power they want to.

Page 556- Enlightenment- Age of Reason, next step from the Scientific Revolution.
Social Contract- agreement to give up rights to a strong ruler in exchange for order.
Natural rights- life, liberty, and property.
Philosophe- the social critics of the Enlightenment.
Voltaire- a philosophe and publisher of more than 70 books of political essays, philosophy, history, fiction and drama.
Montesquieu- man who simplified the ideas of the "separation of powers".
Separation of powers- division of power among different branches.
Jean Jacques Rousseau- thought that the only fair and equal form of government was a democracy.
Mary Wollstonecraft- believed that womens rights and education should be equal to mens and published "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman".

"Power should be a check to power"- Baron de Montesquieu, this means that each branch of power would serve as a check on each other branch of power. During the Enlightenment this phrase ment no branch would overpower the other.
"Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains."- Jean Jacques Rousseau, this mean that when people used to live free and equal as individuals but the when a stronger power was chosen to make laws freedom and equality was destroyed. This reflects on the Enlightenment because during this time an absolute monarch government was created.
"Let woman share the rights and she will emulate the virtues of men"- Mary Wollstonecraft, this means that once women have the equal rights and education they could have an educated opinion of the conflicts men of this time were discussing. This is reflected during the Enlightenment by the formation of the Woman's rights group in Europe and North America.